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Scientific Review. Historical sciences

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CROP FARMING SYSTEMS IN LAND CULTIVATION OF MOUNTAINOUS OSSETIA

Кулумбегов Р.П.
Crop farming systems have a great significance in land cultivation of mountainous Ossetia. In the process of intensive land cultivation the soil cover was becoming impoverished and the crop capacity was significantly reducing. However, thanks to various methods based on centuries-old experience of labor activities, the farmers managed to maintain the arable lands in rotation and set up new fields.In order to expand land fund the farmers were cutting down trees and setting up new ploughed fields instead of the forests. When the land stoped producing harvest due to long-term cultivation, it was turned into a fallow field “naudzar” and “zaraston” [«наудзар» and «зарастон»]. Besides, a method of sowing different crop plants in turns on the same tillage was also applied. Artificial terraced fields “sappita” [«саппыта»] were also very important in mountainous Ossetia. Creation of such land plots was extremely labor-consuming, and they were exclusively in private property